The research team projects that the Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt market size will grow from XXX in 2020 to XXX by 2027, at an estimated CAGR of XX. The base year considered for the study is 2020, and the market size is projected from 2020 to 2027.
The prime objective of this report is to help the user understand the market in terms of its definition, segmentation, market potential, influential trends, and the challenges that the market is facing with 10 major regions and 50 major countries. Deep researches and analysis were done during the preparation of the report. The readers will find this report very helpful in understanding the market in depth. The data and the information regarding the market are taken from reliable sources such as websites, annual reports of the companies, journals, and others and were checked and validated by the industry experts. The facts and data are represented in the report using diagrams, graphs, pie charts, and other pictorial representations. This enhances the visual representation and also helps in understanding the facts much better.
By Market Players:
Conti Tech
Goodyear
Phoenix
YOKOHAMA
Habasit
Bridgestone
Cobra America
Doubel Arrow
Dunlop Conveyor Belting
Huayue
Westland
Contitech
Guangtong
Bando
Zhongyi
AKE
Metso
All-State
Taifeng
DRB
Tongtai
Jagruti
TSS
Mingxin
Aneng
Shree Khodiar
Standard Industrial Inc
IBC
Forech
By Type
Type I
Type II
By Application
Application I
Application II
By Regions/Countries:
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico
East Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Europe
Germany
United Kingdom
France
Italy
Russia
Spain
Netherlands
Switzerland
Poland
South Asia
India
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Southeast Asia
Indonesia
Thailand
Singapore
Malaysia
Philippines
Vietnam
Myanmar
Middle East
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Iran
United Arab Emirates
Israel
Iraq
Qatar
Kuwait
Oman
Africa
Nigeria
South Africa
Egypt
Algeria
Morocoo
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Colombia
Chile
Venezuela
Peru
Puerto Rico
Ecuador
Rest of the World
Kazakhstan
Points Covered in The Report
The points that are discussed within the report are the major market players that are involved in the market such as market players, raw material suppliers, equipment suppliers, end users, traders, distributors and etc.
The complete profile of the companies is mentioned. And the capacity, production, price, revenue, cost, gross, gross margin, sales volume, sales revenue, consumption, growth rate, import, export, supply, future strategies, and the technological developments that they are making are also included within the report. This report analyzed 12 years data history and forecast.
The growth factors of the market is discussed in detail wherein the different end users of the market are explained in detail.
Data and information by market player, by region, by type, by application and etc, and custom research can be added according to specific requirements.
The report contains the SWOT analysis of the market. Finally, the report contains the conclusion part where the opinions of the industrial experts are included.
Key Reasons to Purchase
To gain insightful analyses of the market and have comprehensive understanding of the global market and its commercial landscape.
Assess the production processes, major issues, and solutions to mitigate the development risk.
To understand the most affecting driving and restraining forces in the market and its impact in the global market.
Learn about the market strategies that are being adopted by leading respective organizations.
To understand the future outlook and prospects for the market.
Besides the standard structure reports, we also provide custom research according to specific requirements.
The report focuses on Global, Top 10 Regions and Top 50 Countries Market Size of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt 2016-2021, and development forecast 2022-2027 including industries, major players/suppliers worldwide and market share by regions, with company and product introduction, position in the market including their market status and development trend by types and applications which will provide its price and profit status, and marketing status & market growth drivers and challenges, with base year as 2020.
Key Indicators Analysed
Market Players & Competitor Analysis: The report covers the key players of the industry including Company Profile, Product Specifications, Production Capacity/Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin 2016-2021 & Sales by Product Types.
Global and Regional Market Analysis: The report includes Global & Regional market status and outlook 2022-2027. Further the report provides break down details about each region & countries covered in the report. Identifying its production, consumption, import & export, sales volume & revenue forecast.
Market Analysis by Product Type: The report covers majority Product Types in the Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Industry, including its product specifcations by each key player, volume, sales by Volume and Value (M USD).
Markat Analysis by Application Type: Based on the Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Industry and its applications, the market is further sub-segmented into several major Application of its industry. It provides you with the market size, CAGR & forecast by each industry applications.
Market Trends: Market key trends which include Increased Competition and Continuous Innovations.
Opportunities and Drivers: Identifying the Growing Demands and New Technology
Porters Five Force Analysis: The report will provide with the state of competition in industry depending on five basic forces: threat of new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, threat of substitute products or services, and existing industry rivalry.
COVID-19 Impact
Report covers Impact of Coronavirus COVID-19: Since the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019, the disease has spread to almost every country around the globe with the World Health Organization declaring it a public health emergency. The global impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are already starting to be felt, and will significantly affect the Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt market in 2021. The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought effects on many aspects, like flight cancellations; travel bans and quarantines; restaurants closed; all indoor/outdoor events restricted; over forty countries state of emergency declared; massive slowing of the supply chain; stock market volatility; falling business confidence, growing panic among the population, and uncertainty about future.
1 Report Overview
1.1 Study Scope
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Revenue
1.4 Market Analysis by Type
1.4.1 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2021 VS 2027
1.4.2 Type I
1.4.3 Type II
1.5 Market by Application
1.5.1 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Market Share by Application: 2022-2027
1.5.2 Application I
1.5.3 Application II
1.6 Study Objectives
1.7 Years Considered
1.8 Overview of Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Market
1.8.1 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Market Status and Outlook (2016-2027)
1.8.2 North America
1.8.3 East Asia
1.8.4 Europe
1.8.5 South Asia
1.8.6 Southeast Asia
1.8.7 Middle East
1.8.8 Africa
1.8.9 Oceania
1.8.10 South America
1.8.11 Rest of the World
2 Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.2 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.3 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
2.4 Manufacturers Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Sites, Area Served, Product Type
3 Sales by Region
3.1 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
3.2 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
3.3 North America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume
3.3.1 North America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.3.2 North America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.4 East Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume
3.4.1 East Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.4.2 East Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.5 Europe Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume (2016-2021)
3.5.1 Europe Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.5.2 Europe Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.6 South Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume (2016-2021)
3.6.1 South Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.6.2 South Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.7 Southeast Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume (2016-2021)
3.7.1 Southeast Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.7.2 Southeast Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.8 Middle East Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume (2016-2021)
3.8.1 Middle East Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.8.2 Middle East Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.9 Africa Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume (2016-2021)
3.9.1 Africa Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.9.2 Africa Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.10 Oceania Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume (2016-2021)
3.10.1 Oceania Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.10.2 Oceania Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.11 South America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume (2016-2021)
3.11.1 South America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.11.2 South America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
3.12 Rest of the World Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume (2016-2021)
3.12.1 Rest of the World Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Growth Rate (2016-2021)
3.12.2 Rest of the World Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
4 North America
4.1 North America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
4.2 United States
4.3 Canada
4.4 Mexico
5 East Asia
5.1 East Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
5.2 China
5.3 Japan
5.4 South Korea
6 Europe
6.1 Europe Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
6.2 Germany
6.3 United Kingdom
6.4 France
6.5 Italy
6.6 Russia
6.7 Spain
6.8 Netherlands
6.9 Switzerland
6.10 Poland
7 South Asia
7.1 South Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
7.2 India
7.3 Pakistan
7.4 Bangladesh
8 Southeast Asia
8.1 Southeast Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
8.2 Indonesia
8.3 Thailand
8.4 Singapore
8.5 Malaysia
8.6 Philippines
8.7 Vietnam
8.8 Myanmar
9 Middle East
9.1 Middle East Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
9.2 Turkey
9.3 Saudi Arabia
9.4 Iran
9.5 United Arab Emirates
9.6 Israel
9.7 Iraq
9.8 Qatar
9.9 Kuwait
9.10 Oman
10 Africa
10.1 Africa Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
10.2 Nigeria
10.3 South Africa
10.4 Egypt
10.5 Algeria
10.6 Morocco
11 Oceania
11.1 Oceania Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
11.2 Australia
11.3 New Zealand
12 South America
12.1 South America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
12.2 Brazil
12.3 Argentina
12.4 Columbia
12.5 Chile
12.6 Venezuela
12.7 Peru
12.8 Puerto Rico
12.9 Ecuador
13 Rest of the World
13.1 Rest of the World Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption by Countries
13.2 Kazakhstan
14 Sales Volume, Sales Revenue, Sales Price Trend by Type
14.1 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Volume Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
14.2 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
14.3 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Sales Price by Type (2016-2021)
15 Consumption Analysis by Application
15.1 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption Volume by Application (2016-2021)
15.2 Global Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Consumption Value by Application (2016-2021)
16 Company Profiles and Key Figures in Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Business
16.1 Conti Tech
16.1.1 Conti Tech Company Profile
16.1.2 Conti Tech Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.1.3 Conti Tech Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.2 Goodyear
16.2.1 Goodyear Company Profile
16.2.2 Goodyear Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.2.3 Goodyear Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.3 Phoenix
16.3.1 Phoenix Company Profile
16.3.2 Phoenix Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.3.3 Phoenix Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.4 YOKOHAMA
16.4.1 YOKOHAMA Company Profile
16.4.2 YOKOHAMA Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.4.3 YOKOHAMA Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.5 Habasit
16.5.1 Habasit Company Profile
16.5.2 Habasit Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.5.3 Habasit Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.6 Bridgestone
16.6.1 Bridgestone Company Profile
16.6.2 Bridgestone Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.6.3 Bridgestone Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.7 Cobra America
16.7.1 Cobra America Company Profile
16.7.2 Cobra America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.7.3 Cobra America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.8 Doubel Arrow
16.8.1 Doubel Arrow Company Profile
16.8.2 Doubel Arrow Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.8.3 Doubel Arrow Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.9 Dunlop Conveyor Belting
16.9.1 Dunlop Conveyor Belting Company Profile
16.9.2 Dunlop Conveyor Belting Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.9.3 Dunlop Conveyor Belting Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.10 Huayue
16.10.1 Huayue Company Profile
16.10.2 Huayue Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.10.3 Huayue Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.11 Westland
16.11.1 Westland Company Profile
16.11.2 Westland Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.11.3 Westland Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.12 Contitech
16.12.1 Contitech Company Profile
16.12.2 Contitech Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.12.3 Contitech Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.13 Guangtong
16.13.1 Guangtong Company Profile
16.13.2 Guangtong Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.13.3 Guangtong Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.14 Bando
16.14.1 Bando Company Profile
16.14.2 Bando Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.14.3 Bando Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.15 Zhongyi
16.15.1 Zhongyi Company Profile
16.15.2 Zhongyi Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.15.3 Zhongyi Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.16 AKE
16.16.1 AKE Company Profile
16.16.2 AKE Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.16.3 AKE Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.17 Metso
16.17.1 Metso Company Profile
16.17.2 Metso Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.17.3 Metso Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.18 All-State
16.18.1 All-State Company Profile
16.18.2 All-State Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.18.3 All-State Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.19 Taifeng
16.19.1 Taifeng Company Profile
16.19.2 Taifeng Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.19.3 Taifeng Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.20 DRB
16.20.1 DRB Company Profile
16.20.2 DRB Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.20.3 DRB Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.21 Tongtai
16.21.1 Tongtai Company Profile
16.21.2 Tongtai Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.21.3 Tongtai Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.22 Jagruti
16.22.1 Jagruti Company Profile
16.22.2 Jagruti Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.22.3 Jagruti Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.23 TSS
16.23.1 TSS Company Profile
16.23.2 TSS Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.23.3 TSS Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.24 Mingxin
16.24.1 Mingxin Company Profile
16.24.2 Mingxin Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.24.3 Mingxin Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.25 Aneng
16.25.1 Aneng Company Profile
16.25.2 Aneng Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.25.3 Aneng Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.26 Shree Khodiar
16.26.1 Shree Khodiar Company Profile
16.26.2 Shree Khodiar Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.26.3 Shree Khodiar Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.27 Standard Industrial Inc
16.27.1 Standard Industrial Inc Company Profile
16.27.2 Standard Industrial Inc Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.27.3 Standard Industrial Inc Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.28 IBC
16.28.1 IBC Company Profile
16.28.2 IBC Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.28.3 IBC Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
16.29 Forech
16.29.1 Forech Company Profile
16.29.2 Forech Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Product Specification
16.29.3 Forech Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2016-2021)
17 Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Manufacturing Cost Analysis
17.1 Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Key Raw Materials Analysis
17.1.1 Key Raw Materials
17.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
17.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt
17.4 Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Industrial Chain Analysis
18 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
18.1 Marketing Channel
18.2 Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Distributors List
18.3 Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Customers
19 Market Dynamics
19.1 Market Trends
19.2 Opportunities and Drivers
19.3 Challenges
19.4 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
20 Production and Supply Forecast
20.1 Global Forecasted Production of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt (2022-2027)
20.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt (2022-2027)
20.3 Global Forecasted Price of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt (2016-2027)
20.4 Global Forecasted Production of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Region (2022-2027)
20.4.1 North America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.2 East Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.3 Europe Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.4 South Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.5 Southeast Asia Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.6 Middle East Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.7 Africa Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.8 Oceania Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.9 South America Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.4.10 Rest of the World Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt Production, Revenue Forecast (2022-2027)
20.5 Forecast by Type and by Application (2022-2027)
20.5.1 Global Sales Volume, Sales Revenue and Sales Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
20.5.2 Global Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Application (2022-2027)
21 Consumption and Demand Forecast
21.1 North America Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
21.2 East Asia Market Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
21.3 Europe Market Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Countriy
21.4 South Asia Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
21.5 Southeast Asia Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
21.6 Middle East Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
21.7 Africa Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
21.8 Oceania Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
21.9 South America Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
21.10 Rest of the world Forecasted Consumption of Steel-Cord Conveyor Belt by Country
22 Research Findings and Conclusion
23 Methodology and Data Source
23.1 Methodology/Research Approach
23.1.1 Research Programs/Design
23.1.2 Market Size Estimation
23.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
23.2 Data Source
23.2.1 Secondary Sources
23.2.2 Primary Sources
23.3 Disclaimer